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Powerful Medical
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28. July 2025
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3 min to read
  • Study

Failure of standard contemporary ST-elevation myocardial infarction electrocardiogram criteria to reliably identify acute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery

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Overview

ST-elevation (STE) criteria on the electrocardiogram (ECG) are poorly sensitive for acute coronary occlusion myocardial infarction (ACOMI or OMI). This study evaluates the sensitivity of STE criteria on serial ECGs for total left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery occlusion. We compared STE criteria with expert interpretation and a validated artificial intelligence (AI) ECG model for diagnosing LAD OMI.

Published in: European Heart Journal. Acute Cardiovascular Care
Published on: 28 July 2025

Background

The Queen of Hearts (QoH) ECG artificial intelligence (AI) model (PMcardio, Bratislava, Slovakia) has demonstrated improved sensitivity for detecting occlusion myocardial infarction (OMI) compared with STEMI criteria, but further validation in all-comer cohorts is needed. We aimed to evaluate QoH’s diagnostic performance for OMI detection in chest pain patients at Swedish emergency departments (EDs) and compare its accuracy to STEMI criteria.

Methods

This is a retrospective sub-study of the DOMI-ARIGATO case-control study of OMI (808 patients, 265 with OMI). All cases of total (TIMI-0 flow) LAD occlusion were assessed for STE criteria. An OMI ECG expert blindly interpreted all serial ECGs. An AI model (PMCardio Queen of Hearts) was applied to the first available 12-lead ECG.

Results

Among the 53 cases of acute LAD OMI with TIMI-0 flow, 20 (38%) did not meet STE myocardial infarction (STEMI) criteria on any pre-angiography ECG; 16/ 20 had at least two ECGs before angiography. Both the expert and AI model had 100% sensitivity for diagnosing LAD OMI on the first ECG in these 20 cases. Door-to-balloon time (DBT) was significantly shorter for those meeting STEMI criteria. Infarct size, measured by ejection fraction and peak troponin, did not differ between cases with and without STEMI criteria.

Conclusion

The STEMI criteria missed 38% of acute total LAD occlusions on all serial ECGs. Both expert interpretation and the AI model demonstrated 100% sensitivity on the first ECG for all cases. Despite the lack of STEMI criteria, these cases had similar infarct sizes but were associated with longer DBTs.

Failure of standard contemporary ST-elevation myocardial infarction electrocardiogram criteria to reliably identify acute occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery
Authors: Harvey Pendell Meyers, Scott W. Sharkey, Robert Herman, José Nunes de Alencar, Gautam R. Shroff, Willy H. Frick, and Stephen W. Smith

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Powerful Medical leads one of the most important shifts in modern medicine by augmenting human-made clinical decisions with artificial intelligence. Our primary focus is on cardiovascular diseases, the world’s leading cause of death.

About PMcardio

PMcardio is a CE-certified AI that reads ECGs and offers a complex assessment of 49 cardiac conditions. Clinically validated in 15+ studies and trusted by over 100,000 clinicians, it delivers rapid, expert‑level interpretations, empowering emergency physicians, GPs, nurses, paramedics, and cardiologists to act with confidence at the point of care. Available for Individuals and Organizations.

About Powerful Medical

Established in 2017, Powerful Medical has embarked on a mission to revolutionize the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. We are a medical company backed by 28 world-class cardiologists and led by our expert Scientific Board with decades of experience in daily patient care, clinical research, and medical devices. The results of our research are implemented, developed, certified, and brought to market by our 50+ strong interdisciplinary team of physicians, data scientists, AI experts, software engineers, regulatory specialists, and commercial teams.

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Powerful Medical, Inc. | PMcardio and the PMcardio logo are registered trademarks of Powerful Medical. Additionally, Queen of Hearts is claimed as a trademark of Powerful Medical.

Certain AI ECG Modules are CE-marked medical devices under EU MDR and only certified for marketing in the European Union and the United Kingdom. Powerful Medical technology has not yet been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for marketing in the USA. Not all modules of the PMcardio platform may be available in your region.

Prior to use, reference the Instructions for Use, for more detailed information on Indications, Contraindications, Warnings, Precautions and Adverse Events.

PMcardio and the PMcardio logo are registered trademarks of Powerful Medical. Additionally, Queen of Hearts is claimed as a trademark of Powerful Medical.

Certain AI ECG Modules are CE-marked medical devices under EU MDR and only certified for marketing in the European Union and the United Kingdom. Powerful Medical technology has not yet been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for marketing in the USA. Not all modules of the PMcardio platform may be available in your region.

Prior to use, reference the Instructions for Use, for more detailed information on Indications, Contraindications, Warnings, Precautions and Adverse Events.

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Heart Attacks are #1 cause of death world-wide and killing about 12 milions people a year.

Clinical Definition of Problem

Contrary to popular belief, a heart attacks isn’t a blockage inside of the heart. A heart attack is a blockage of the coronary arteries supplying the heart muscle with oxygenated blood.

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Clinical Solution​

The way to fix it is relatively simple – doctors put in a stent that opens up the artery and renews blood flow. The latest clinical practice guidelines recommend that this “stenting” happens within 90 minutes from symptom onset.

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Time is muscle.

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